CSIRO Signs New Agreement with US Partners for a Transformational Power Generation Technology

CSIRO, Australia’s national science agency, has signed an agreement with US-based GTI, a leader in the development and deployment of technology solutions to address energy and environmental challenges, to join a Joint Industry Program on the development of a supercritical CO₂ (sCO₂) power plant that could assist mining companies to reach large renewable energy targets.

When used with low-emission energy inputs, advanced sCO₂ power plants have the potential to be a transformational technology that can accelerate the world's transition to a low-carbon future.

"While most power plants use steam to produce electricity, sCO₂ power plants use recirculating high-temperature CO₂ instead," CSIRO Research Director Energy Technologies, Dr David Harris said.

"The advantage is that sCO₂ is a higher density working fluid which means sCO₂ power plants can be smaller, more efficient and not reliant on water for steam."

Supercritical CO₂ cycles can also operate using a wide range of heat sources.

"Their widespread implementation could be a game changer for power generation applications in Australia," Dr Harris said.

Supercritical CO₂ turbines offer an autonomous, high-efficiency power cycle which doesn't rely on steam.

This makes such turbines an ideal candidate for power generation in off-grid mining and remote operations, as it allows them to use renewable energy more efficiently to power their operations for longer periods of time.

"With many mining companies committing to large renewable energy targets, the use of sCO₂ power could be the transformational technology that they are looking for," Dr Harris said.

CSIRO's involvement in the partnership will improve understanding of how sCO₂ power plants can enable lower- and zero-emission technology solutions, and how those plants might be used in remote mining and community locations as a low-cost alternative to diesel fuel power generation.

Of particular interest is how concentrated solar thermal (CST) technologies could be used to provide renewable energy for these sCO₂ power plants.

CST technologies capture and store heat, which make it an ideal solution.

The Australian Solar Thermal Research Institute (ASTRI) which is a consortium of CSIRO and six Australian universities, is leading efforts in this area.

"The use of Thermal Energy Storage (TES) to provide the heat to run these turbines is a critical enabler for renewable energy solutions," Chief Technical Officer of ASTRI, Mr Wes Stein says.

CSIRO is working with Graphite Energy, a highly innovative Australian TES company, on the use of portable and scalable TES units that can be used to store heat to run a sCO₂ power plant.

"The use of sCO₂ power blocks with our TES units will allow us to deliver the lowest-cost renewable energy solution currently available in the Australian market," Graphite Energy CEO Peter Lemmich said.

The STEP Project demonstration plant has been built in San Antonio Texas at SouthWest Research Institute (SwRI), and equipment installation is underway. It is expected to be operational in mid-2021.

For more information, visit www.stepdemo.us